Piriformis syndrome

What is piriformis syndrome?

Piriformis syndrome is a condition that occurs when the piriformis muscle, located at the back of the hip, becomes inflamed and compresses the sciatic nerve that runs beneath it. This compression can cause pain in the buttocks, leg, or thigh, as well as weakness or sensory disturbances.

What causes piriformis syndrome?

Causes of piriformis syndrome may include:

• Anatomy: An abnormal shape or reduced size of the piriformis muscle can increase pressure on the sciatic nerve.
• Trauma: Injuries to the area, such as a muscle strain or bruise, can cause inflammation and compression of the sciatic nerve.
• Posture: Maintaining an abnormal posture for prolonged periods can increase pressure on the piriformis muscle and sciatic nerve.
• Physical activity: Repetitive activity, such as running or walking on hard surfaces, can increase pressure on the piriformis muscle and the sciatic nerve.
• Neurological conditions: Neurological conditions, such as multiple sclerosis or Guillain-Barré syndrome, can affect the sciatic nerve and cause symptoms of piriformis syndrome.

How is piriformis syndrome diagnosed?

The diagnosis of piriformis syndrome is based on a combination of clinical evaluation, medical history, and physical tests. During the clinical evaluation, the doctor may ask about symptoms and perform tests to determine the location and type of pain. Physical tests may include an examination of strength and sensation, as well as specific movements that can reproduce the symptoms.

In some cases, additional tests, such as an MRI or CT scan, may be performed to rule out other conditions that may be causing the symptoms.

It's important to note that piriformis syndrome can mimic other spinal and sciatic nerve problems, so it's crucial to receive an accurate diagnosis in order to receive the appropriate treatment.

How is piriformis syndrome treated?

Treatment for piriformis syndrome depends on the severity and chronicity of symptoms. Here are some common treatment options:

• Physical therapy: Physical therapists may work with patients to strengthen the muscles around the affected area and improve flexibility.
• Manual therapy: Massage and manual therapy can help release muscle tension and reduce pain.
• Exercise: Specific exercises can help relieve pain and improve mobility.
• Medication: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can help reduce pain and inflammation.
• Ultrasound-guided corticosteroid injections into the piriformis muscle can help reduce pain and inflammation in the short term.
• In severe cases, surgery may be necessary to relieve pressure on the sciatic nerve.

Make an appointment with Dr. Jordi Jiménez. He will see you in the center of Palma and help you regain your quality of life.