What is hyaluronic acid?

Hyaluronic acid is a naturally occurring substance in our bodies. It is found abundantly in the extracellular matrix (all tissues are made up of matrix and cells; the extracellular matrix is ​​any part of a tissue that is not made up of cells) of embryonic tissues, adult soft tissues, and our joints.

Composition and Properties of Hyaluronic Acid
Hyaluronic acid is a long polysaccharide composed of repeating disaccharides of D-glucuronic acid and N-acetylglucosamine. The chemical properties of hyaluronic acid give it a highly hydrophilic (water-attracting) character and a high molecular weight, forming a viscous network. These properties give hyaluronic acid the ability to hydrate the extracellular matrix, regulate tissue homeostasis (the state of balance between all the body's systems necessary for survival and proper function), and resist compressive forces. Furthermore, hyaluronic acid has a very high safety profile due to its biocompatibility (it does not cause rejection) and biodegradability (it degrades and disappears after a few months), its non-inflammatory, non-toxic, and non-immunogenic properties (it does not generate an inflammatory or immunological response).

Hyaluronic acid molecules come in different molecular weights. It has been shown that their different molecular weights are related to their different, and sometimes opposing, biological functions. Thus, high molecular weight hyaluronic acid (greater than 1000 KDa) has anti-inflammatory properties that control the recruitment of inflammatory cells and prevent the formation of blood vessels (antiangiogenesis). In contrast, low molecular weight hyaluronic acid is a marker of tissue distress, has pro-inflammatory properties, promotes blood vessel formation (angiogenesis), and contributes to tissue and wound healing.

Uses in Traumatology

• Osteoarthritis Treatment: Hyaluronic acid is frequently used to relieve the symptoms of osteoarthritis, a degenerative disease that affects the joints. It is administered through intra-articular injections to lubricate and cushion the affected joints, thereby reducing pain and improving mobility.
• Cartilage Injury Repair: Hyaluronic acid is used in some surgical procedures to repair cartilage injuries. It can be used as a filler or as part of cartilage implants, contributing to the regeneration and repair of damaged cartilage structures.
• Treatment of Ligament Injuries: Hyaluronic acid can be used for knee ligament injuries as part of regenerative therapies. These therapies may involve hyaluronic acid injections to stimulate the repair and regeneration of damaged tissue.
• Shoulder Surgery: Hyaluronic acid can be used during shoulder surgery as part of tissue and cartilage repair techniques. It helps lubricate the joint and can facilitate postoperative recovery and rehabilitation.

Dr. Jordi Jiménez performs ultrasound-guided hyaluronic acid injections in Palma de Mallorca. Make an appointment with Dr. Jordi Jiménez. He will see you in the center of Palma de Mallorca and will help you regain your quality of life.